{"id":16565,"date":"2026-05-14T02:12:48","date_gmt":"2026-05-14T00:12:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.quieryavenir.fr\/blog\/?p=16565"},"modified":"2026-05-11T07:15:45","modified_gmt":"2026-05-11T05:15:45","slug":"les-maisons-dedition-a-lepreuve-de-lia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.quieryavenir.fr\/blog\/2026\/05\/14\/les-maisons-dedition-a-lepreuve-de-lia\/","title":{"rendered":"Les maisons d\u2019\u00e9dition \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9preuve de l\u2019IA"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u201cSurvivront les auteurs qui ne peuvent pas \u00eatre remplac\u00e9s\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h1>\n

<\/p>\n

Multiplication de livres factices, crainte d\u2019agr\u00e9er un manuscrit artificiel et du danger de voir les lecteur s\u2019habituer \u00e0 l\u2019appauvrissement de la langue \u00e0 cause de l\u2019IA\u2026 Face \u00e0 cette nouvelle donne technologique, les \u00e9diteurs, inquiets, cherchent la parade.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ils ne pensent pas \u00e0 elle chaque matin en se brossant les dents. Ou pas seulement. D\u2019abord, les \u00e9diteurs que nous avons consult\u00e9s s\u2019inqui\u00e8tent de la baisse de la lecture et des ventes de livres neufs, alors que le march\u00e9 de l\u2019occasion ne cesse d\u2019augmenter. Ensuite, ils se soucient \u00e9videmment des r\u00e9percussions encore \u00e0 venir apr\u00e8s l\u2019\u00e9viction d\u2019Olivier Nora de la t\u00eate de Grasset, le d\u00e9part massif des auteurs de la maison, les r\u00e9flexions en cours autour d\u2019une possible clause de conscience. Parfois, ils se pr\u00e9occupent du piratage des e-books, puisque ceux-ci s\u2019\u00e9changent sur des sites ill\u00e9gaux, comme il en va des films ou des s\u00e9ries.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Et puis, alourdissant une charge mentale d\u00e9j\u00e0 importante, le sujet de l\u2019intelligence artificielle s\u2019impose \u00e0 son tour. Complexe, car mouvant. S\u2019il ne fait aucun doute que l\u2019IA va transformer leur quotidien (elle pourrait leur faire gagner du temps, comme \u00e0 nous tous), elle soul\u00e8ve d\u00e9j\u00e0 plusieurs probl\u00e9matiques.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ma crainte est que nous finissions par recevoir des manuscrits IA de bonne qualit\u00e9, impossibles \u00e0 d\u00e9tecter. <\/i><\/span><\/span>Manuel Carcassonne, des \u00e9ditions Stock<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

La premi\u00e8re<\/span><\/span>\u2009<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>: que les <\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/span><\/span>diteurs se fassent berner par des manuscrits <\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/span><\/span>crits par des IA. Pour V<\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/span><\/span>ronique Cardi, qui dirige les <\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/span><\/span>ditions JC Latt<\/span><\/span>\u00e8<\/span><\/span>s, <\/span><\/span>\u00ab<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u2009<\/i><\/span><\/span>le danger est limit<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/i><\/span><\/span> car leurs capacit<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/i><\/span><\/span>s le sont aussi. Il y a deux ans, quand on demandait <\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e0\u00a0<\/i><\/span><\/span>ChatGPT d<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u2019\u00e9<\/i><\/span><\/span>crire comme Virginie Despentes, il ajoutait des gros mots<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u2026<\/i><\/span><\/span> Bien s<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00fb<\/i><\/span><\/span>r, les robots ont progress<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/i><\/span><\/span>. Mais le risque concerne surtout des litt<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/i><\/span><\/span>ratures codifi<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/i><\/span><\/span>es, comme la romance, certains thrillers, peut-<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00ea<\/i><\/span><\/span>tre la science-fiction. Au-del<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e0<\/i><\/span><\/span>, je doute que l<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u2019<\/i><\/span><\/span>IA soit capable de remplacer l<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u2019<\/i><\/span><\/span>inventivit<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/i><\/span><\/span> et les styles singuliers des <\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/i><\/span><\/span>crivains<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u2009<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00bb<\/i><\/span><\/span>.<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c0 la t\u00eate de Stock, Manuel Carcassonne est un peu plus circonspect<\/span><\/span>\u2009<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>: <\/span><\/span>\u00ab<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u2009<\/i><\/span><\/span>Tout va tellement vite, qui sait si demain ou apr<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e8<\/i><\/span><\/span>s-demain nous ne serons pas d<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/i><\/span><\/span>pass<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/i><\/span><\/span>s<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u2009<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/i><\/span><\/span>? Ma crainte est que nous finissions par recevoir des manuscrits IA de bonne qualit<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/i><\/span><\/span>, impossibles <\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e0<\/i><\/span><\/span> d<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/i><\/span><\/span>tecter.<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u2009<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00bb<\/i><\/span><\/span> <\/i>Pour essayer de s\u2019en pr\u00e9munir, les contrats \u00e9voluent.<\/span><\/span> \u00ab<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u2009<\/i><\/span><\/span>Nous renfor<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e7<\/i><\/span><\/span>ons la clause d<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u2019<\/i><\/span><\/span>originalit<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/i><\/span><\/span>,<\/i><\/span><\/span> explique Alban Cerisier, secr\u00e9taire g\u00e9n\u00e9ral du groupe Madrigall (Gallimard, Flammarion, P.O.L, Minuit\u2026). <\/span><\/span>Il est not\u00e9, plus explicitement, que l\u2019\u0153uvre c\u00e9d\u00e9e par l\u2019auteur est originale. Cela signifie qu\u2019elle doit \u00eatre produite par lui, et non par une machine.<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u2009<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00bb<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Je crains que cela d\u00e9valorise le geste d\u2019\u00e9criture. Coralie Piton, des \u00e9ditions du Seuil<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Reste que de \u00ab<\/span><\/span>\u2009<\/span><\/span>faux<\/span><\/span>\u2009<\/span><\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/span> livres existent, en vente sur des plate-formes comme Amazon, port<\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/span><\/span>s par des couvertures souvent tape-<\/span><\/span>\u00e0<\/span><\/span>-l<\/span><\/span>\u2019\u0153<\/span><\/span>il, elles aussi g<\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/span><\/span>n<\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/span><\/span>r<\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/span><\/span>es par l<\/span><\/span>\u2019<\/span><\/span>IA, et des commentaires factices. D<\/span><\/span>\u2019<\/span><\/span>o<\/span><\/span>\u00f9<\/span><\/span> la deuxi<\/span><\/span>\u00e8<\/span><\/span>me probl<\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/span><\/span>matique<\/span><\/span>\u2009<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>: dans un march<\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/span><\/span> de plus en plus tendu, ces objets frelat<\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/span><\/span>s ne<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>vont-ils pas capter une partie de l<\/span><\/span>\u2019<\/span><\/span>attention des lecteurs et du chiffre d<\/span><\/span>\u2019<\/span><\/span>affaires du secteur<\/span><\/span>\u2009<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>? <\/span><\/span>\u00ab<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u2009<\/i><\/span><\/span>Ils occupent de l<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u2019<\/i><\/span><\/span>espace num<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/i><\/span><\/span>rique, et c<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u2019<\/i><\/span><\/span>est de l<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u2019<\/i><\/span><\/span>espace en moins pour les autres<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u2009<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00bb<\/i><\/span><\/span>,<\/i><\/span><\/span> reconna\u00eet V\u00e9ronique Cardi.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

La patronne du Seuil, Coralie Piton, s\u2019alarme surtout des cons\u00e9quences \u00e0 terme<\/span><\/span>\u2009<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>: <\/span><\/span>\u00ab<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u2009<\/i><\/span><\/span>Je crains que cela d<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/i><\/span><\/span>valorise le geste d<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u2019\u00e9<\/i><\/span><\/span>criture, notamment aupr<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e8<\/i><\/span><\/span>s de publics assez jeunes qui, dans leurs <\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/i><\/span><\/span>tudes, consomment d<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/i><\/span><\/span>j<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e0<\/i><\/span><\/span> des textes r<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/i><\/span><\/span>dig<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/i><\/span><\/span>s par IA. Ils vont s<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u2019<\/i><\/span><\/span>habituer <\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e0<\/i><\/span><\/span> un appauvrissement de la langue et du point de vue. Dans plusieurs ann<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/i><\/span><\/span>es, auront-ils de l<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u2019<\/i><\/span><\/span>app<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/i><\/span><\/span>tit pour des <\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/i><\/span><\/span>crits plus sophistiqu<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/i><\/span><\/span>s<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u2009<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/i><\/span><\/span>? Tout ce pour quoi nous nous battons risque d<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u2019\u00ea<\/i><\/span><\/span>tre d<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/i><\/span><\/span>pr<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/i><\/span><\/span>ci<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/i><\/span><\/span>.<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u2009<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00bb<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

L\u2019IA fragilise d\u00e9j\u00e0 des acteurs cl\u00e9s de la cha\u00eene de l\u2019\u00e9dition<\/span><\/span>\u2009<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>: les traducteurs, les correcteurs, les graphistes. C<\/span><\/span>\u2019<\/span><\/span>est la troisi<\/span><\/span>\u00e8<\/span><\/span>me probl<\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/span><\/span>matique. Pour l<\/span><\/span>\u2019<\/span><\/span>heure, nos <\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/span><\/span>diteurs continuent de travailler avec des humains, autant par choix que par principe <\/span><\/span>\u2014\u00a0<\/span><\/span>souvent, des accords de groupe ou d<\/span><\/span>\u2019<\/span><\/span>entreprise les y contraignent. Mais si, demain, la rentabilit<\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/span><\/span> continue de s<\/span><\/span>\u2019\u00e9<\/span><\/span>roder, la tentation sera grande de recourir aux robots, du moins pour les textes non litt<\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/span><\/span>raires. Rien ne garantit d<\/span><\/span>\u2019<\/span><\/span>ailleurs que des traducteurs n\u2019utilisent pas, \u00e0 la marge, des logiciels incluant de l\u2019intelligence artificielle. Idem pour les graphistes, qui peuvent assumer d\u2019y recourir en le mentionnant clairement. Mais attention<\/span><\/span>\u2009<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>: une grande maison nous a dit avoir re<\/span><\/span>\u00e7<\/span><\/span>u des r<\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/span><\/span>actions courrouc<\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/span><\/span>es de lecteurs qui se sentaient flou<\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/span><\/span>s. <\/span><\/span>\u00c0<\/span><\/span> manier donc avec pr<\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/span><\/span>caution.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Non sans surprise, nous apprendrons encore que les plus fervents avocats des couvertures par IA s\u2019av\u00e8rent parfois\u2026 \u00eatre les auteurs eux-m\u00eames<\/span><\/span>\u2009<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>! Plusieurs <\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/span><\/span>diteurs nous ont dit en avoir vu d<\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/span><\/span>barquer dans leur bureau avec un projet qu<\/span><\/span>\u2019<\/span><\/span>ils avaient con<\/span><\/span>\u00e7<\/span><\/span>u tout seuls (eux ou leur conjoint, leur cousin, leur enfant), gr<\/span><\/span>\u00e2<\/span><\/span>ce <\/span><\/span>\u00e0<\/span><\/span> l<\/span><\/span>\u2019<\/span><\/span>un des nombreux outils disponibles sur le Net. <\/span><\/span>\u00c0<\/span><\/span> l<\/span><\/span>\u2019\u00e9<\/span><\/span>diteur, alors, de dissuader, sans vexer.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Le livre et la litt\u00e9rature ont surv\u00e9cu \u00e0 toutes les r\u00e9volutions technologiques. Mais l\u2019IA nous oblige \u00e0 l\u2019exigence. <\/i><\/span><\/span>V\u00e9ronique Cardi, des \u00e9ditions JC Latt\u00e8s<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Enfin, derni\u00e8re probl\u00e9matique et non des moindres<\/span><\/span>\u2009<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>: celle des droits. Pour nourrir leurs mod<\/span><\/span>\u00e8<\/span><\/span>les, les grandes soci<\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/span><\/span>s d<\/span><\/span>\u2019<\/span><\/span>IA ont <\/span><\/span>\u00ab<\/span><\/span>\u2009<\/span><\/span>moissonn<\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/span><\/span>\u2009<\/span><\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/span>, comme on dit pudiquement, des millions d<\/span><\/span>\u2019\u0153<\/span><\/span>uvres sans rien payer. Aux <\/span><\/span>\u00c9<\/span><\/span>tats-Unis, une action engag<\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/span><\/span>e <\/span><\/span>\u00e0<\/span><\/span> l<\/span><\/span>\u2019<\/span><\/span>encontre d<\/span><\/span>\u2019<\/span><\/span>Anthropic, l<\/span><\/span>\u2019<\/span><\/span>entreprise qui d<\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/span><\/span>veloppe l<\/span><\/span>\u2019<\/span><\/span>agent Claude, a r<\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/span><\/span>cemment abouti <\/span><\/span>\u00e0<\/span><\/span> une indemnisation d<\/span><\/span>\u2019<\/span><\/span>auteurs et d<\/span><\/span>\u2019\u00e9<\/span><\/span>diteurs. <\/span><\/span>\u00ab<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u2009<\/i><\/span><\/span>En France, une proc<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/i><\/span><\/span>dure est<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/i><\/span><\/span>engag<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/i><\/span><\/span>e <\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e0<\/i><\/span><\/span> l<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u2019\u00e9<\/i><\/span><\/span>gard de Meta, <\/i><\/span><\/span>reprend Alban Cerisier. <\/span><\/span>Il y en aura d\u2019autres, car il n\u2019existe pas de mod\u00e8le de langage qui n\u2019ait \u00e9t\u00e9 entra\u00een\u00e9 sur des corpus d\u2019\u0153uvres pirat\u00e9es. C\u2019est un pr\u00e9judice \u00e9norme et un terrain de contentieux juridique pour des ann\u00e9es.<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u2009<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00bb<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c0 l\u2019avenir, pourra-t-on mieux cadrer les pratiques<\/span><\/span>\u2009<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>? Un nouveau r<\/span><\/span>\u00e8<\/span><\/span>glement europ<\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/span><\/span>en impose aux entreprises d<\/span><\/span>\u2019<\/span><\/span>IA davantage de transparence, tout en m<\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/span><\/span>nageant un droit de retrait pour les auteurs. En France, une proposition de loi de la s<\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/span><\/span>natrice Laure Darcos (Libres<\/span><\/span>\u2009<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>!) est en discussion<\/span><\/span>\u2009<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>: ce ne serait plus aux ayants droit de prouver que leurs textes ont <\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/span><\/span>t<\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/span><\/span> pirat<\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/span><\/span>s (t<\/span><\/span>\u00e2<\/span><\/span>che quasi impossible), mais aux IA de montrer qu<\/span><\/span>\u2019<\/span><\/span>elles ne les ont pas utilis<\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/span><\/span>s.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Restera \u00e0 mettre en place les dispositifs de protection. Ce ne sera pas une mince affaire, et l\u2019IA n\u2019attendra pas. <\/span><\/span>\u00ab<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u2009<\/i><\/span><\/span>Le livre et la litt<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/i><\/span><\/span>rature ont surv<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/i><\/span><\/span>cu <\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e0<\/i><\/span><\/span> toutes les r<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/i><\/span><\/span>volutions technologiques,<\/i><\/span><\/span> rappelle V\u00e9ronique Cardi.<\/span><\/span> Les lecteurs entretiennent une relation de plus en plus directe avec les auteurs, via les r\u00e9seaux sociaux, les d\u00e9dicaces, les festivals. Mais l\u2019IA nous oblige \u00e0 l\u2019exigence. Survivront les auteurs qui ne peuvent pas \u00eatre remplac\u00e9s.<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u2009<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00bb<\/i><\/span><\/span> Son homologue du Seuil appuie<\/span><\/span>\u2009<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>: <\/span><\/span>\u00ab<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u2009<\/i><\/span><\/span>Il sera de plus en plus difficile de d<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/i><\/span><\/span>fendre l<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u2019<\/i><\/span><\/span>artisanat cr<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/i><\/span><\/span>atif, mais nous n<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u2019<\/i><\/span><\/span>avons pas le choix. <\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00c0<\/i><\/span><\/span> nous de continuer de produire, en fiction comme en non-fiction, des livres incomparables.<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u2009<\/i><\/span><\/span>\u00bb<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u201cSurvivront les auteurs qui ne peuvent pas \u00eatre remplac\u00e9s\u201d\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16565","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-non-classe"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.quieryavenir.fr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16565","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.quieryavenir.fr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.quieryavenir.fr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.quieryavenir.fr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.quieryavenir.fr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16565"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.quieryavenir.fr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16565\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16566,"href":"https:\/\/www.quieryavenir.fr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16565\/revisions\/16566"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.quieryavenir.fr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16565"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.quieryavenir.fr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16565"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.quieryavenir.fr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16565"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}